‘Wired’ vuelve a anunciar la muerte de la web

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En 1997, la revista Wired publicó un artículo en el que anunciaba un futuro más allá de la web gracias a las tecnologías push. Este mes, su redactor jefe Chris Anderson publica un artículo en el que se repite el augurio de la muerte de la web. El propio Anderson cita aquel artículo de 1997, afirmando que no se trató de un error si no de una anticipación. El texto de Anderson ya ha levantado multitud de réplicas y reflexiones… en la web.

El artículo, publicado en pararelo con otro de Michael Wolff, empieza describiendo la vida del internauta desde que se levanta y subraya que la mayoría de herramientas a las que acude son aplicaciones, desde el correo a un podcast pasando por una conversación en Skype o jugando en Xbox. “Usted ha pasado el día en Internet, pero no en la web. Y no está solo”. Para Anderson, se está produciendo una migración desde el mundo abierto de la web a plataformas más cerradas que usan Internet para el transporte pero que prescinden de la navegación web. Un universo que no puede rastrear Google. El cosumidor escoge esta opción “no porque rechace la idea de la web si no porque estas plataformas a menudo trabajan mejor” y se ajustan más a las ncesidades del usuario. “El hecho de que sea más fácil para las empresas hacer dinero en estas plataformas cimienta la tendencia. Productores y consumidores está de acuerdo: la web no es la culminación de la revolución digital”.

Para Anderson, el contenido que se consulta desde la web apenas representa una cuarta parte del tráfico de Internet y esta cuota está bajando. En cinco años, el acceso a Internet desde los móviles sobrepasará al realizado desde los ordenadores y su pequeña pantalla favorecerá el desarrollo de aplicaciones diseñadas para propósitos concretos.

Anderson teoriza que este camino hacia plataformas específicas, y con un modelo de negocio más claro para sus autores, refleja el ciclo del capitalismo. En su artículo cita la historia de las compañías ferroviarias, energéticas o de telecomunicaciones que, al inicio de la tecnología, se multiplican para, luego, concentrarse en unas pocas. “Es el camino natural de la industrialización: invención, propagación, adopción y control”. El autor está convencido de que amamos lo gratuito, pero también aquello que nos sirve y amamos y estamos dispuestos a pagarlo “¿Ha consultado usted su factura del teléfono móvil?”, pregunta.

La web, recuerda Anderson, tiene ya 18 años, es adulta y una generación entera ha crecido usándola, pero el consumo de Internet cambiará debido a la naturaleza humana. “Intelectualmente apreciamos lo abierto, pero al final del día nos hemos decantado hacia los caminos más fáciles”. Esto explica, según el autor, que haya quien compre canciones en iTunes que se pueden descargar gratis en otros sitios. “Los jóvenes tienen más tiempo que dinero, pero cuando te haces mayor, tienes más dinero que tiempo” y ello explica la migración hacia servicios comerciales. El artículo termina calificando el delirante caos de la web abierta como una fase adolescente subsidiada por gigantes industriales para abrir camino hacia un nuevo mundo que ahora estrangulan para ofrecer otras alternativas que, por lo que parece, amamos.

El artículo de Anderson ya ha despertado polémica en la medida que es un autor que ha hecho aportaciones intelectuales muy provechosas. Suyo, por ejemplo, es el concepto de “larga cola” para explicar las posibilidades de éxito del comercio electrónico que atiende a una clientela reducida que está desasistida por los sistemas tradicionales.

Polémica

La primera crítica que ha recibido el artículo consiste en destacar que confunde el fin de la web con el fin de ciertos negocios sobre la web. En Canoe aseguran que gente como Julian Assange, de Wikileaks, continuarán utilizando el poder de la web y los curiosos continuarán encontrándose en ella, “pero las ovejas habrán emigrado”.

En New York Magazine advierten que las tesis expuestas en este artículo por Anderson son una discreta corrección a las sostenidas en su último libro, Free: The Future of a Radical Price, donde sostenía que en el mundo digital, donde el coste de producción se acerca a cero, lo gratis será ampliamente empleado por las compañías para conducir al consumidor hacia la compra de otros productos.

En TechCrunch son particularmente contundentes. Sostienen que Wired se equivocó en 1997 y vuelve a hacerlo ahora. Según este sitio, Anderson se basa en cifras de tráfico erróneas sobre el descenso de la web y no destaca que muchas aplicaciones trabajan sobre la misma. Es como, aseguran, mostrar el gráfico de un plátano y asegurar que ello explica el aumento del precio de la gasolina.

La propia Wired tiene abierto un debate sobre el tema.

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